Injuries to the foot or ankle can be caused by a variety of different circumstances. While sprains and fractures are often associated with falls or rigorous activity such as exercise, they can also occur in the course of common, day-to-day activity. These types of injuries can range from mild to severe. Regardless of the level of injuries, sprain and fractures should receive immediate medical care. 

What is an ankle sprain?
Ankle sprains occur when the ligaments that attach to the bone on both sides of the joint are stretched excessively or torn outright. 

How do ankle sprains happen?
The twisting of the ankle or foot usually causes ankle sprains. Slipping or falling, landing on an uneven surface or collision during sports activities often causes this twisting. When the ankle or foot is twisted in an unnatural way, the ligaments that are responsible for keeping the bones in place are stretched or torn.

What is the treatment for an ankle sprain?
Ankle sprains are the most under-treated injury in the United States. Most people with ankle sprains will go to an emergency room to get an x-ray and will be told there was no fracture. They may even be offered an Ace Wrap™. This will not help at all because the Ace Wrap™ is a flexible elastic dressing and will just stretch whenever any pressure is placed on the ankle joint.

Rest, ice, and elevation are important in the 24 hours after the injury occurs. Ankle sprains that are painful after 24 hours should be evaluated by a trained lower extremity professional such as a Podiatrist. A good physical examination of the ankle as well as x-rays and ultrasound visualization of the joint are important to determine the nature of the injury and what would be appropriate treatment.

Treatment can range from athletic taping to a soft cast or a rigid collateral ankle brace or all the way to a hard cast. In cases of severe ankle sprain the patient might need to be off weight-bearing using crutches Dr. Tsyganova has all of the above diagnostic and treatment modalities available for patients in her office. 

What is an ankle fracture?
An ankle fracture occurs when a bone within the ankle breaks. The break can be either a partial break or acomplete break. Ankle fractures can happen to any of the bones that connect in the ankle including the fibula, tibia and talus.  Do not believe the old wives' tale that you cannot walk with a fractured (broken) bone. 

What are the symptoms of an ankle fracture?
The most common symptoms of an ankle fracture are pain, swelling, bruising and impaired movement. Ankle fractures require prompt medical attention to ensure the best healing. 

What is the treatment for an ankle fracture?
Initially, X-rays will be taken of the injured ankle to help determine the extent of the damage. The exact course of treatment and length of the healing process will vary by patient. Splints, casts, crutches and surgery are the most common treatment methods used in cases of ankle fractures. Rehabilitation may also be necessary to ensure the injured area returns to full mobility.